Freedom And Independence | Wolność i Niezawisłość | WiN

Freedom And Independence - Wolność i Niezawisłość, WiN
Polish Underground Soldiers 1944-1963 - The Untold Story

Freedom And Independence | Wolność i Niezawisłość | WiN
 

 

Doomed Soldiers News & Analysis

Untitled Document

Foundation "We Remember" - "Pamietamy"

Retired Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Senior Scientific Intelligence Officer S. Eugene (Gene) Poteat Analyses the April 10, 2010 Crash of Polish Air Force One TU-154M Near Smolensk, Russia: "Russian Image Management - The KGB’s latest intelligence coup, and NATO’s latest intelligence disaster".

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Zolnierze Wykleci
Foundation "We Remember" - "Pamietamy"
Smolensk Crash News Digest.
Niepoprawni - Polish Political Blog
Memorial is wide-ranging and simultaneous scrupulous historical research of topics that were until recently inaccessible to Russian scholars: the GULag, the history of the security organizations VChK (the Cheka)-OGPU-NKVD-MGB-KGB, statistics on political repression in the Soviet Union, and dissidents' resistance during the Khrushchev-Brezhnev era. Memorial is a number of international research projects, in which internationally recognized research centers in the humanities acts as partners. It is a support program for young researchers throughout Russia. It is the struggle for free access to historical information, to the past, which was hidden from us for so long.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Protection Unit of the KG DSZ (abbr. General Staff of the Delegation of the Polish Armed Forces at Home), and the I ZG Zrzeszenia WiN (abbr. The I Executive Office of the Association WiN) (Pol. Oddział Osłony KG DSZ na Kraj i I ZG Zrzeszenia WiN)

- A Historical Brief.

Jan Kosowicz, nom de guerre(s) “Chmielewski”, “Ciborski”, “Janek” - WiN - Freedom and Independence

 

In April 1945, Captain Jan Kosowicz, nom de guerre(s) “Ciborski”, “Janek”, “Capt. Jan Chmielewski”, who directed the “long-range-intelligence” cell of the AK-DSZ (code-name "WW-72", later “Pralnia II” - Eng. “Laundromat II”) established the “The Protection Unit of the General Staff of the Delegation of the Polish Armed Forces at Home and the 1st Executive Office of the Association WiN” (Pol. Oddział Osłony KG DSZ na Kraj i I ZG Zrzeszenia WiN). Its members wore Polish Communist “People’s” Army uniforms, and carried fictitious identity papers identifying them as members of a special-purpose unit attached directly to the General Staff of the Communist Polish Peoples’ Army, or LWP (Pol. abbr. Ludowe Wojsko Polskie). These counterfeited identity ID’s also attested to the fact that they joined the Communist military forces in Kuibyshev (Rus. Куйбышев), where the secret NKVD (Rus. Народный комиссариат внутренних дел Narodnyy komissariat vnutrennikh del - Soviet secret police) training school was located.

Having fictitious identities of employees of an engine repair and design facility, they were assigned quarters in the building on Karolkowa Street in Warsaw. This unit provided transportation, communications, and personal security for Colonel Jan Rzepecki, nom de guerre “Ożóg”. This unit had about a dozen very well armed men, and had several vehicles at its disposal. Initially, it consisted of members from the “Cerownia” intelligence cell, but in time, Capt. Jan Kosowicz, “Ciborski”, expanded it by bringing-in more trusted individuals.

Above: 1945. Jan Kosowicz, nom de guerre(s) “Chmielewski”, “Ciborski”, “Janek”.  

During the months that followed, Capt. Henryk Żak, "Barański", grew certain that the activities of the anti-Communist resistance lacked a clearly-defined strategy. With an “unofficial blessing” given by Lt. Col. Tadeusz Jachimek, “Nika” who led the DSZ’s Intelligence, Żak decided to travel to the West to bring back further directives from the Polish Government in Exile. In this way, in July 1945, the Lt. Col. Jachimek, “Nika”, dispersed the members of the “Pralnia II” cell for an undetermined period of time. An exception to this “dispersal” was the transportation-courier unit, codenamed “Cerownia”, led by Capt. “Ciborski”. Its tasks were transferred to Col. Jan Rzepecki’s, “Ożóg” organization.

June 1945. The soldiers from the Protection Unit of KG DSZ, meeting with Capt. Wacław Rejmak, nom de guerre “Ostoja” - a Commandant of the OP

Above: Stoczek Łukowski, June 1945. The soldiers from the Protection Unit of KG DSZ, meeting with Capt. Wacław Rejmak, nom de guerre “Ostoja” - a Commandant of the OP. They are warning “Dziad”- a UB ‘snitch’ wearing a white hat in the photo. Standing first from the right, and next to “Dziad”, with his back turned, is Platoon Leader Franciszek Kosowicz "Małecki", NN (Pol. abr. Unknown and Unidentified) “Dziad”, Jerzy Waszczuk, "Czernow", Capt. “Ostoja” (wearing a leather coat). On the left, wearing a military uniform, is Second Lt. Jerzy Kuczyński, "Czyński", and two NN men from the OP unit “Ostoja”, who are standing with their backs turned.

In mid-September, 1945, in Podkowa Leśna, the Protection Unit prevented the first attempt made by the Polish secret police, the UB, to capture Col. Rzepecki.

April 24, 1945. The Protection Unit of the KG DSZ during their 2-day rest in Piaseczno.

Above: April 24, 1945. The Protection Unit of the KG DSZ during their 2-day rest in Piaseczno.

Warsaw, August, 1945. The soldiers from the Protection Unit KG DSZ. From left are Sec. Lt. M. Serkies, Capt. J. Kosowicz, Sec. Lt. K. Freitagk, Sec. Lt. J. Kuczyński.
Above: Warsaw, August, 1945. The soldiers from the Protection Unit KG DSZ. From left: Sec. Lt. M. Serkies, Capt. J. Kosowicz, Sec. Lt. K. Freitagk, Sec. Lt. J. Kuczyński.

Subsequently, Capt. “Ciborski” made a decision to immediately remove Col. Rzepecki from the area surrounded by the Communist KBW (Pol. abbr. Korpus Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego – Internal Security Corps) forces combing through the area. The resistance’s “Legalization” unit issued orders to “Capt. Jan Chmielewski”, and his “Protection Unit”, to search through the buildings where Rzepecki stayed, to arrest him, and to bring him to safety. The operation to secure Rzepecki was conducted by 10-12 individuals. Because of incredible bravado, and imagination displayed by all men of the Protection Unit, Col. Rzepecki was moved out, and was safely transported to Łódź.

Col. Jan Rzepecki was arrested a month and a half later in Łódź, on November 4, 1945 while waiting for a secret meeting. At this time, Jan Kosowicz, “Ciborski” was in a safe house with a driver, awaiting information about the time and place, to pick up Rzepecki. Informed by the courier that the WiN’s Chairman was arrested, he made his way to the building where "Ożóg" was apprehended by Polish secret police. Having no prospect of freeing him there by himself, he followed the column of the UB vehicles carrying Rzepecki to Warsaw. He was able to reach him in prison on Rakowiecka Street, and proposed an operation to free him from UB hands. "Ożóg" refused, discerning that such an operation was unrealistic. Already, at this time, Rzepecki was conducting negotiations with the “Bezpieka” to out the WiN and its members. Under the threat of being compromised, the Protection Unit received orders from Col. Tadeusz Jachimek, “Ninka” to leave the country. It was planned, that the transfer of men to the West would take place in three groups. But, only the first group consisting of 7-men led by Jan Kosowicz “Ciborski”, that left Poland around November 7, 1945, made it through.

After many complications, and spending 4 months in a temporary holding camp in Berlin, this group made it to Ancona, Italy. While there, they were enlisted into the ranks of the Polish 2nd Corps in Italy. Those who didn’t make it to the West, were for the most part arrested and sentenced during the well publicized trial of the Intelligence Cell “Liceum” that worked for the Sovereign Government of the Republic of Poland in London.

Written by Dr. Filip Musiał , Ph.D., IPN Krakow, Praca Zbiorowa, "Żołnierze Wyklęci. Antykomunistyczne Podziemie Zbrojne po 1944 roku” [eng. Anti-Communist Armed Underground After 1944], Oficyna Wydawnicza Volumen, Warsaw 2002. The photographs appearing in this brief are from the private collection of Dr. Filip Musial.

Additional Editing by Jan Czarniecki

This Historical Brief is published here in accordance with the Greater Public Good Doctrine, and is a part of the "Fundacja Pamietamy" [1] and "Żołnierze Wyklęci - Zapomniani Bohaterowie" project.

[1] The primary goal of the Foundation "Pamietamy" is the restoration of the proper social and historical place for the individuals who, during the second half of the 1940's, and the beginning of the 1950's, undertook armed resistance against the Communist regime in Poland. The goal of the foundation is to commemorate those, who in the name of freedom, and in the name of human dignity, laid on the altar of freedom, their own personal and professional aspirations, their personal freedoms, and above all, their lives.

 

 

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